First of all, apologies for not updating this blog sooner. The last weeks have been filled with almost non-stop flying. When the instruments did not need flight preparations, calibrations or other maintenance, the scientists used every available minute to prepare quick-look-data, so the next flights could be planned based on the days observations.
To give an overview of what has been done so far, the past days are summarized individually below.
14.06.2012
On Thursday the 14th of June, the weather finally allowed for a start of the transfer flights. On this day, the airship was moved to Wels (AT) from Friedrichshafen (DE). The cabin layout used for the 14th and all other transfer flight days is the photochemistry centered
CL8.
15.06.2012
On Friday, the Zeppelin flew from Wels (AT) to Gorizia (IT/SI). To be able to make this big distance around the Alps, it was agreed upon that no scientific operator would be on board for this flight.
Of course, this situation worried the scientists a bit, but all instruments ran without problems throughout the flight.
16.06.2012
On Saturday, there was a technical problem with the Airship. It was thought that this would prevent any flight for that day, but the Zeppelin employees worked on the problem swiftly and had the broken part replaced by noon. The Zeppelin was then flying across the adriatic sea and arrived at the
local airport in Ozzano (IT) at 6 pm. This airport is serving as the base of operations for all flights during the 2012 Po-Valley phase of the PEGASOS field campaign. The scientists were welcomed by the bolognese institute
ISAC-CNR for a kick-off-meeting. In this meeting, the available ground-based measurement sites and the instrumentation available on the Zeppelin were presented to an interested scientific audience. Also, procedures and lines of communications for the coordination of the measurements were established.
17.06.2012
Sunday was reserved for maintenance on the instruments and on the airship.
18.06.2012
On Monday, still having the photochemistry package on board, we decided to do height profiles at St. Pietro Capofiume (SPC), where a
supersite (english description
here) of ISAC-CNR is located. To characterize the
chemical composition of
the atmosphere during breaking up of the nocturnal boundary layer, the flight started at 4:50 am and ended at 11:30 am. By ending the flight at this time, we also preserved the instruments from damage by the extreme temperatures of 36°C in the shade (reached in the early afternoon) and much higher in the light.
In the evening, the slightly cooler temperatures were used to change the cabin layout to the nucleation-centered
CL9.
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| CNR supersite in St. Pietro Capofiume |
19.06.2012
In the days before Tuesday, the researchers at the SPC supersite observed new particle formation events almost every day. So for the 19th, the Zeppelin flew to SPC with the freshly installed CL9 package to explore the vertical extent of nucleation. The results of this day are still under discussion, also at the ground site there was no very clear nucleation observed.
On this day, the Zeppelin was accompanied by the mobile laboratory MOSQUITA of the swiss
PSI institute. The evening was again used for a cabin layout change to the secondary organic aerosol package
CL5.
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| MOSQUITA mobile laboratory |
20.06.2012
On Wednesday, the CL5 package flew to SPC for height profiling. Interestingly, a clearly different evolution of aerosol composition in time has been observed for the different altitudes, until the differences disappeared at around 1 pm.
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| Nitrate concentration evolving over time, datapoints coloured by altitude. |
21.06.2012
On Thursday, still operating CL5, the Zeppelin did transects between the northwest an the southeast, going as deep into the valleys of the Apennines as buoyancy and thermal activity allowed. For this day, the chemical weather forecast predicted a plume of polluted air being transported from the east of the Po-valley to the west, through relatively clean air brought in over the Apennines. Judging from quick-look data, this plume was existent and has been cut into with the Zeppelin several times.
22.06.2012
On Friday, the Zeppelin flew with the CL5 cabin layout towards the adriatic sea via SPC and back again.
To our surprise, we did not see a big difference between land and sea with most instruments. The NOx instrument did see an increase in NO2 at the coastline, which can probably be attributed to the highways there. The Zeppelin started at 6 am and returned at 10:30 am. In the afternoon, there was a press conference to inform the local media about the project.
23.06.2012
After nine days of almost non-stop action, scientists and Zeppelin crew retreated to a well earned day off on saturday.
24.06.2012
On Sunday, the airship left Ozzano at 9 am, flying past SPC and to the adriatic sea once more. From there, a few transects to the east-nordeast were flown,
exploring the
variability of atmospheric compositon and aging of airmasses. The airship returned at around 3 pm, most instruments on the verge of shutting down due to too high temperatures. In the evening, the cabin layout was changed to the photochemistry package CL8.
25.06.2012
On Monday, the photchemistry package was used to investigate
the atmospheric composition
at Bologna and its downwind region on that day. The flights included going up in the valleys of the Apennines again.
26.06.2012
There were thunderstorms with rain predicted for Tuesday afternoon. Weather like this decreases the condensational sink, thereby increasing the likelihood for new particle formation events. With that in mind, the cabin layout was changed to the nucleation package CL9 in the morning.
27.06.2012
Today, the nucleation package left for the SPC supersite in the early morning. There, the Zeppelin flew circles in different heights. Ground based measurements at SPC seem to indicate a nucleation event, so we are all excited to find out about the results of the Zeppelin-based measurements at different altitudes.
